Class 10 Social Science (Contemporary India 2) Chapter 7 Lifelines of National Economy


NCERT MCQs of Class 10 Social Science (Contemporary India 2), Chapter no 7 Lifelines of National Economy 

  • 1) Which of the following is considered the lifeline of a country's economy?
    a) Agriculture
    b) Transport and communication
    c) Tourism
    d) Banking
    Answer: b) Transport and communication
    Explanation: Efficient transport and communication networks are essential for the movement of goods, services, and people, making them the lifeline of the economy.

  • 2) Which mode of transport is most suitable for long-distance travel in India?
    a) Roadways
    b) Railways
    c) Waterways
    d) Airways
    Answer: b) Railways
    Explanation: Railways are the most suitable for long-distance travel in India due to their cost-effectiveness and capacity to carry a large number of passengers.

  • 3) Which of the following is the longest National Highway in India?
    a) NH-1
    b) NH-7
    c) NH-44
    d) NH-8
    Answer: c) NH-44
    Explanation: NH-44 is the longest National Highway in India, running from Srinagar (Jammu & Kashmir) to Kanyakumari (Tamil Nadu).

  • 4) Which of the following is an advantage of pipeline transport?
    a) It is slow and costly
    b) It can only transport solid goods
    c) It minimizes transshipment losses
    d) It is highly polluting
    Answer: c) It minimizes transshipment losses
    Explanation: Pipelines are an efficient mode of transporting liquids and gases, reducing losses and environmental damage.

  • 5) Which sector benefits the most from waterways transport in India?
    a) Agriculture
    b) Tourism
    c) Heavy industries
    d) Retail trade
    Answer: c) Heavy industries
    Explanation: Waterways are useful for transporting bulky goods like coal, iron ore, and crude oil, which benefit heavy industries.

  • 6) Which of the following is the busiest railway network in India?
    a) Eastern Railway
    b) Northern Railway
    c) Western Railway
    d) Southern Railway
    Answer: b) Northern Railway
    Explanation: The Northern Railway zone is the busiest railway network, covering major industrial and commercial regions.

  • 7) Which of the following is India's largest port?
    a) Chennai Port
    b) Mumbai Port
    c) Visakhapatnam Port
    d) Kolkata Port
    Answer: b) Mumbai Port
    Explanation: Mumbai Port is India's largest and busiest port, handling a significant portion of the country’s trade.

  • 8) Which mode of transport is the fastest but also the most expensive?
    a) Railways
    b) Roadways
    c) Airways
    d) Waterways
    Answer: c) Airways
    Explanation: Airways provide the fastest mode of transport, but they are costly compared to other modes.

  • 9) Which Indian state has the largest railway network?
    a) Maharashtra
    b) Uttar Pradesh
    c) West Bengal
    d) Tamil Nadu
    Answer: b) Uttar Pradesh
    Explanation: Uttar Pradesh has the largest railway network in India, connecting various parts of the country.

  • 10) Which of the following is the most environment-friendly mode of transport?
    a) Roadways
    b) Railways
    c) Airways
    d) Pipelines
    Answer: d) Pipelines
    Explanation: Pipelines cause minimal environmental pollution, unlike road and rail transport.

  • 11) Which of the following ports is an artificial port in India?
    a) Mumbai Port
    b) Chennai Port
    c) Kochi Port
    d) Paradip Port
    Answer: b) Chennai Port
    Explanation: Chennai Port is an artificial port, developed to handle maritime trade efficiently.

  • 12) Which of the following is NOT a major international airport in India?
    a) Indira Gandhi International Airport, Delhi
    b) Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport, Mumbai
    c) Kempegowda International Airport, Bengaluru
    d) Amritsar Domestic Airport
    Answer: d) Amritsar Domestic Airport
    Explanation: Amritsar Airport handles some international flights but is primarily a domestic airport.

  • 13) Which type of transport is most suitable for perishable goods?
    a) Railways
    b) Airways
    c) Waterways
    d) Pipelines
    Answer: b) Airways
    Explanation: Air transport is ideal for perishable goods like food and medicines due to its speed.

  • 14) Which port is known as the "Gateway of India"?
    a) Mumbai Port
    b) Chennai Port
    c) Kolkata Port
    d) Visakhapatnam Port
    Answer: a) Mumbai Port
    Explanation: Mumbai Port is known as the "Gateway of India" because it is the country's busiest commercial port.

  • 15) Which of the following national waterways is the longest?
    a) NW-1 (Ganga River)
    b) NW-2 (Brahmaputra River)
    c) NW-3 (Kerala backwaters)
    d) NW-4 (Godavari and Krishna Rivers)
    Answer: a) NW-1 (Ganga River)
    Explanation: National Waterway 1 (NW-1) on the Ganga River is the longest waterway in India.

  • 16) Which industry depends most on the telecom sector?
    a) Textile
    b) Agriculture
    c) IT and BPO
    d) Mining
    Answer: c) IT and BPO
    Explanation: The IT and BPO industries rely heavily on telecom services for global connectivity and operations.

  • 17) Which transport system is NOT under the central government in India?
    a) Railways
    b) Airways
    c) State road transport
    d) Waterways
    Answer: c) State road transport
    Explanation: State road transport is managed by individual state governments, while railways and airways are under central control.

  • 18) Which of the following is the primary function of transport?
    a) Promoting tourism
    b) Ensuring mobility of people and goods
    c) Creating jobs
    d) Reducing pollution
    Answer: b) Ensuring mobility of people and goods
    Explanation: The primary function of transport is to move people and goods efficiently.

  • 19) Which city has the largest metro railway network in India?
    a) Delhi
    b) Mumbai
    c) Kolkata
    d) Bengaluru
    Answer: a) Delhi
    Explanation: Delhi Metro is the largest metro railway network in India.

  • 20) Which of the following is NOT a mode of mass communication?
    a) Television
    b) Radio
    c) Newspaper
    d) Roadways
    Answer: d) Roadways
    Explanation: Mass communication refers to the dissemination of information via media like TV, radio, and newspapers, not transport.

  1. 21) Which of the following is NOT a major function of transport networks?
    a) Movement of goods and people
    b) Promoting trade and commerce
    c) Reducing communication needs
    d) Strengthening national integration
    Answer: c) Reducing communication needs
    Explanation: Transport networks improve communication by enabling faster movement of goods and people, rather than reducing it.

    22) Which Indian railway zone has the largest network?
    a) Eastern Railway
    b) Northern Railway
    c) Southern Railway
    d) Western Railway
    Answer: b) Northern Railway
    Explanation: The Northern Railway zone has the largest railway network in India, covering multiple states.

    23) Which of the following is NOT a feature of Indian roadways?
    a) They provide door-to-door service
    b) They are less flexible than railways
    c) They help in short-distance transport
    d) They provide easy access to remote areas
    Answer: b) They are less flexible than railways
    Explanation: Roadways are more flexible than railways because they offer door-to-door connectivity.

    24) Which is the longest railway route in India?
    a) Jammu to Kanyakumari
    b) Dibrugarh to Kanyakumari
    c) Delhi to Mumbai
    d) Chennai to Howrah
    Answer: b) Dibrugarh to Kanyakumari
    Explanation: The longest railway route in India is from Dibrugarh (Assam) to Kanyakumari (Tamil Nadu), covering around 4,200 km.

    25) Which of the following is a key advantage of waterways?
    a) They are the fastest mode of transport
    b) They are expensive
    c) They are fuel-efficient and eco-friendly
    d) They require complex infrastructure
    Answer: c) They are fuel-efficient and eco-friendly
    Explanation: Waterways consume less fuel and produce minimal pollution, making them eco-friendly.

    26) Which of the following is NOT a major pipeline network in India?
    a) Haldia-Barauni Pipeline
    b) Mumbai High-Vadodara Pipeline
    c) Delhi-Kolkata Pipeline
    d) Hazira-Vijaipur-Jagdishpur Pipeline
    Answer: c) Delhi-Kolkata Pipeline
    Explanation: There is no major pipeline network named the Delhi-Kolkata Pipeline; the others transport petroleum and gas.

    27) Which of the following states has the largest inland waterway network?
    a) West Bengal
    b) Kerala
    c) Uttar Pradesh
    d) Assam
    Answer: a) West Bengal
    Explanation: West Bengal has the most extensive inland waterway system, including the Hooghly River and National Waterway 1.

    28) Which of the following is the oldest artificial port in India?
    a) Chennai Port
    b) Mumbai Port
    c) Visakhapatnam Port
    d) Cochin Port
    Answer: a) Chennai Port
    Explanation: Chennai Port is the oldest artificial port in India, established during the British period.

    29) Which National Waterway connects Prayagraj and Haldia?
    a) NW-1
    b) NW-2
    c) NW-3
    d) NW-4
    Answer: a) NW-1
    Explanation: National Waterway 1 (NW-1) runs along the Ganga-Bhagirathi-Hooghly river system, connecting Prayagraj to Haldia.

    30) Which of the following modes of transport is best for carrying heavy and bulky goods over long distances?
    a) Railways
    b) Roadways
    c) Airways
    d) Pipelines
    Answer: a) Railways
    Explanation: Railways are most suitable for transporting heavy and bulky goods like coal and iron ore over long distances.

    31) Which city is home to the busiest airport in India?
    a) Delhi
    b) Mumbai
    c) Bengaluru
    d) Chennai
    Answer: a) Delhi
    Explanation: Indira Gandhi International Airport (Delhi) is the busiest airport in India.

    32) Which of the following is NOT a major international trade port in India?
    a) Mumbai Port
    b) Chennai Port
    c) Kochi Port
    d) Varanasi Port
    Answer: d) Varanasi Port
    Explanation: Varanasi Port is an inland waterway terminal, not a major seaport for international trade.

    33) Which of the following is an example of mass communication?
    a) Postal service
    b) Television
    c) Metro rail
    d) Air travel
    Answer: b) Television
    Explanation: Mass communication involves media like television, radio, and newspapers that reach a large audience.

    34) Which of the following is a key advantage of air transport?
    a) It is the cheapest mode of transport
    b) It is the slowest mode of transport
    c) It is unaffected by difficult terrain
    d) It is ideal for carrying heavy goods
    Answer: c) It is unaffected by difficult terrain
    Explanation: Air transport can reach remote and difficult terrains, including mountains and islands.

    35) Which organization manages India's national highways?
    a) Indian Railways
    b) NITI Aayog
    c) National Highways Authority of India (NHAI)
    d) Ministry of Civil Aviation
    Answer: c) National Highways Authority of India (NHAI)
    Explanation: NHAI is responsible for the development and maintenance of India's national highways.

    36) Which of the following modes of transport has the highest operational cost?
    a) Railways
    b) Roadways
    c) Airways
    d) Waterways
    Answer: c) Airways
    Explanation: Air transport is the most expensive due to fuel costs, maintenance, and operational expenses.

    37) Which of the following is NOT a primary function of transport?
    a) Facilitating trade and commerce
    b) Creating employment
    c) Controlling population growth
    d) Strengthening national unity
    Answer: c) Controlling population growth
    Explanation: Transport facilitates trade, employment, and national integration but does not directly control population growth.

    38) Which of the following is an example of international trade?
    a) Selling products within a state
    b) Selling goods between two Indian cities
    c) Exporting Indian goods to the USA
    d) Buying vegetables from a local market
    Answer: c) Exporting Indian goods to the USA
    Explanation: International trade involves the exchange of goods and services between different countries.

    39) Which of the following factors is NOT essential for the growth of trade?
    a) Efficient transport system
    b) Political stability
    c) Favorable climate
    d) Well-developed communication networks
    Answer: c) Favorable climate
    Explanation: Trade depends on transport, communication, and political stability, while climate has minimal direct impact.

    40) Which of the following statements about pipelines is NOT true?
    a) Pipelines are used for transporting crude oil and natural gas
    b) Pipelines help reduce environmental pollution
    c) Pipelines are used for transporting perishable goods
    d) Pipelines are more cost-effective in the long run
    Answer: c) Pipelines are used for transporting perishable goods
    Explanation: Pipelines transport liquids and gases, not perishable goods like food items.



  1. 41) Which of the following states has the highest density of roads in India?
    a) Rajasthan
    b) Maharashtra
    c) Kerala
    d) Uttar Pradesh
    Answer: c) Kerala
    Explanation: Kerala has the highest road density in India due to its well-developed transport network and smaller geographical area.

    42) Which type of road is constructed to connect rural areas with towns?
    a) National Highways
    b) Expressways
    c) Rural Roads
    d) Border Roads
    Answer: c) Rural Roads
    Explanation: Rural roads are built under the Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana to improve connectivity between villages and towns.

    43) Which of the following industries relies heavily on transportation?
    a) Banking
    b) IT Industry
    c) Tourism
    d) Education
    Answer: c) Tourism
    Explanation: The tourism industry depends on transport for the movement of tourists between locations.

    44) Which of the following ports handles the highest volume of cargo in India?
    a) Mumbai Port
    b) Kandla Port
    c) Chennai Port
    d) Visakhapatnam Port
    Answer: b) Kandla Port
    Explanation: Kandla Port in Gujarat handles the highest cargo traffic in India.

    45) Which of the following sectors benefits most from improved communication networks?
    a) Agriculture
    b) Information Technology
    c) Mining
    d) Fisheries
    Answer: b) Information Technology
    Explanation: The IT industry relies on fast and efficient communication systems for global connectivity.

    46) Which railway station is India's busiest in terms of passenger traffic?
    a) New Delhi Railway Station
    b) Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus
    c) Howrah Junction
    d) Chennai Central
    Answer: c) Howrah Junction
    Explanation: Howrah Junction (West Bengal) is India's busiest railway station in terms of passenger traffic.

    47) Which state has the largest length of National Highways in India?
    a) Maharashtra
    b) Rajasthan
    c) Uttar Pradesh
    d) Madhya Pradesh
    Answer: c) Uttar Pradesh
    Explanation: Uttar Pradesh has the longest network of National Highways in India.

    48) Which of the following is NOT a feature of National Highways?
    a) They connect major cities and ports
    b) They are maintained by state governments
    c) They facilitate long-distance travel
    d) They improve national integration
    Answer: b) They are maintained by state governments
    Explanation: National Highways are maintained by the National Highways Authority of India (NHAI), not state governments.

    49) Which mode of transport is best suited for transporting petroleum products?
    a) Railways
    b) Roadways
    c) Airways
    d) Pipelines
    Answer: d) Pipelines
    Explanation: Pipelines are the most efficient and safest way to transport petroleum and natural gas.

    50) Which of the following is NOT an inland waterway in India?
    a) Ganga River (NW-1)
    b) Brahmaputra River (NW-2)
    c) Arabian Sea Route
    d) Kerala Backwaters (NW-3)
    Answer: c) Arabian Sea Route
    Explanation: Arabian Sea routes are for maritime transport, not inland waterways.

    51) Which major trade route connects India with Europe?
    a) Silk Route
    b) Trans-Siberian Route
    c) Suez Canal Route
    d) Panama Canal Route
    Answer: c) Suez Canal Route
    Explanation: The Suez Canal Route connects India with Europe, reducing travel time significantly.

    52) Which of the following industries depends directly on the transport sector?
    a) Banking
    b) Real Estate
    c) Manufacturing
    d) Software Development
    Answer: c) Manufacturing
    Explanation: The manufacturing industry relies on transport for raw materials and distribution of finished goods.

    53) Which Indian port is known as a "tidal port"?
    a) Mumbai Port
    b) Kandla Port
    c) Chennai Port
    d) Kolkata Port
    Answer: b) Kandla Port
    Explanation: Kandla Port is a tidal port, meaning its operations are influenced by tidal variations.

    54) Which of the following modes of transport is best for carrying bulk goods like coal and iron ore?
    a) Airways
    b) Railways
    c) Roadways
    d) Pipelines
    Answer: b) Railways
    Explanation: Railways are best suited for transporting bulk commodities like coal, iron ore, and cement.

    55) Which of the following is a feature of the Golden Quadrilateral?
    a) It connects major airports
    b) It connects India’s four major metropolitan cities
    c) It is India's longest river route
    d) It connects all rural areas
    Answer: b) It connects India’s four major metropolitan cities
    Explanation: The Golden Quadrilateral connects Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, and Kolkata via a high-speed highway network.

    56) Which of the following transport systems in India is 100% electrified?
    a) Mumbai Metro
    b) Indian Railways
    c) Delhi Metro
    d) Chennai Suburban Railway
    Answer: c) Delhi Metro
    Explanation: Delhi Metro is fully electrified and operates using renewable energy sources.

    57) Which is the deepest port in India?
    a) Paradip Port
    b) Visakhapatnam Port
    c) Kochi Port
    d) Mumbai Port
    Answer: b) Visakhapatnam Port
    Explanation: Visakhapatnam Port is the deepest natural port in India, allowing large vessels to dock.

    58) Which of the following is the primary function of communication systems in the economy?
    a) Providing entertainment
    b) Facilitating trade and commerce
    c) Reducing pollution
    d) Promoting tourism only
    Answer: b) Facilitating trade and commerce
    Explanation: Efficient communication systems help businesses connect globally, boosting trade and commerce.

    59) Which mode of transport is best suited for hilly and mountainous regions?
    a) Railways
    b) Airways
    c) Waterways
    d) Pipelines
    Answer: b) Airways
    Explanation: Airways are the most effective transport mode in mountainous regions where road and rail transport is difficult.

    60) Which of the following statements about international trade is true?
    a) It only includes exports
    b) It only includes imports
    c) It includes both exports and imports
    d) It does not involve services
    Answer: c) It includes both exports and imports
    Explanation: International trade involves both exports (selling goods abroad) and imports (buying goods from other countries).



Exercise MCQs Solutions

  1. Which two of the following extreme locations are connected by the East-West Corridor?
    a) Mumbai and Nagpur
    b) Silchar and Porbandar
    c) Mumbai and Kolkata
    d) Nagpur and Siliguri

    Answer: b) Silchar and Porbandar

    Explanation:

    • The East-West Corridor is part of the Golden Quadrilateral Project, connecting Silchar in Assam (Northeast) and Porbandar in Gujarat (West)​.

Which mode of transportation reduces trans-shipment losses and delays?
a) Railways
b) Roadways
c) Pipeline
d) Waterways

  1. Answer: c) Pipeline

    Explanation:

    • Pipelines eliminate the need for repeated handling of goods, reducing losses and delays, especially for transporting liquids like petroleum, natural gas, and chemicals​.

Which one of the following states is NOT connected with the H.V.J. pipeline?
a) Madhya Pradesh
b) Maharashtra
c) Gujarat
d) Uttar Pradesh

  1. Answer: b) Maharashtra

    Explanation:

    • The Hazira-Vijaipur-Jagdishpur (H.V.J.) pipeline primarily connects Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, and Uttar Pradesh. Maharashtra is not part of this pipeline network​.

Which one of the following ports is the deepest land-locked and well-protected port along the east coast?
a) Chennai
b) Paradip
c) Tuticorin
d) Visakhapatnam

  1. Answer: d) Visakhapatnam

    Explanation:

    • Visakhapatnam Port is a deep, land-locked, and well-protected port, handling large cargo shipments efficiently on the east coast​.

Which one of the following is the most important mode of transportation in India?
a) Pipeline
b) Railways
c) Roadways
d) Airways

  1. Answer: c) Roadways

    Explanation:

    • Roadways are the most widely used mode of transport in India, covering both short and long distances, providing door-to-door connectivity​.

Which one of the following terms is used to describe trade between two or more countries?
a) Internal trade
b) International trade
c) External trade
d) Local trade

  1. Answer: b) International trade

    Explanation:

    • International trade refers to the exchange of goods and services between two or more countries, involving exports and imports​.

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