Class 10 Social Science (Contemporary India 2) Chapter 6 Manufacturing Industries

 

NCERT MCQs of Class 10 Social Science (Contemporary India 2) Chapter no 6: Manufacturing Industries

1. 1) Which of the following is an example of an agro-based industry?
   a) Iron and steel
   b) Cotton textile
   c) Shipbuilding
   d) Petroleum refining
   Answer: b) Cotton textile
   Explanation: Agro-based industries use agricultural raw materials such as cotton, jute, and sugarcane to manufacture goods.

   2) Which industry is known as the "backbone of modern industry"?
   a) Sugar industry
   b) Cotton textile industry
   c) Iron and steel industry
   d) Cement industry
   Answer: c) Iron and steel industry
   Explanation: The iron and steel industry provides raw materials for various other industries, making it the backbone of industrial development.

   3) Which of the following is a mineral-based industry?
   a) Sugar industry
   b) Paper industry
   c) Jute industry
   d) Cement industry
   Answer: d) Cement industry
   Explanation: Mineral-based industries use minerals as raw materials, such as limestone in the cement industry.

   4) Which Indian city is famous for its IT industry?
   a) Kolkata
   b) Bengaluru
   c) Chennai
   d) Jaipur
   Answer: b) Bengaluru
   Explanation: Bengaluru is known as the "Silicon Valley of India" due to its large number of IT companies.

   5) Which of the following is an example of a basic industry?
   a) Cement
   b) Sugar
   c) Paper
   d) Iron and steel
   Answer: d) Iron and steel
   Explanation: Basic industries supply raw materials to other industries. Iron and steel is a key industry as it provides metal for machinery and tools.

   6) Which industry is the largest contributor to India's GDP in the manufacturing sector?
   a) Jute industry
   b) Textile industry
   c) Cement industry
   d) Automobile industry
   Answer: b) Textile industry
   Explanation: The textile industry is India's largest manufacturing sector, employing millions of workers.

   7) Which of the following industries is NOT an agro-based industry?
   a) Sugar
   b) Paper
   c) Cotton textile
   d) Aluminum
   Answer: d) Aluminum
   Explanation: Aluminum is a mineral-based industry, while the others use agricultural raw materials.

   8) Which of the following states is the largest producer of cement in India?
   a) Maharashtra
   b) Rajasthan
   c) Tamil Nadu
   d) Gujarat
   Answer: b) Rajasthan
   Explanation: Rajasthan is India's largest cement producer, due to large limestone reserves.

   9) Which is the first modern textile mill established in India?
   a) Kanpur Mill
   b) Ahmedabad Mill
   c) Bombay Mill
   d) Chennai Mill
   Answer: c) Bombay Mill
   Explanation: The first modern textile mill in India was established in Mumbai (Bombay) in 1854.

   10) Which Indian city is known as the "Manchester of India"?
   a) Mumbai
   b) Surat
   c) Ahmedabad
   d) Kolkata
   Answer: c) Ahmedabad
   Explanation: Ahmedabad is called the "Manchester of India" due to its large textile industry.

   11) Which industry is known for producing paper, pulp, and cardboard?
   a) Iron and steel
   b) Paper industry
   c) Leather industry
   d) Jute industry
   Answer: b) Paper industry
   Explanation: The paper industry processes wood pulp and agricultural residues to produce paper products.

   12) Which of the following industries is NOT located near raw material sources?
   a) Iron and steel
   b) Cotton textile
   c) Sugar
   d) Cement
   Answer: b) Cotton textile
   Explanation: The cotton textile industry is located near markets and labor availability, rather than raw material sources.

   13) Which of the following cities is a hub for India's automobile industry?
   a) Bengaluru
   b) Pune
   c) Kolkata
   d) Hyderabad
   Answer: b) Pune
   Explanation: Pune is an automobile manufacturing hub, with major companies like Tata Motors and Bajaj.

   14) Which Indian state is the largest producer of jute textiles?
   a) Bihar
   b) West Bengal
   c) Gujarat
   d) Tamil Nadu
   Answer: b) West Bengal
   Explanation: West Bengal produces the highest amount of jute textiles, with Kolkata as a major center.

   15) Which of the following is a small-scale industry?
   a) Oil refinery
   b) Cement factory
   c) Handloom weaving
   d) Automobile manufacturing
   Answer: c) Handloom weaving
   Explanation: Small-scale industries require low investment and labor, such as handloom weaving and handicrafts.

   16) Which industry is responsible for the largest share of India's industrial pollution?
   a) Cement
   b) Textile
   c) Chemical
   d) Iron and steel
   Answer: c) Chemical
   Explanation: The chemical industry contributes significantly to industrial pollution, due to the release of hazardous waste.

   17) Which of the following industries is NOT a heavy industry?
   a) Shipbuilding
   b) Iron and steel
   c) Sugar
   d) Automobile
   Answer: c) Sugar
   Explanation: Heavy industries require large capital and raw materials. Sugar is a light industry as it processes agricultural products.

   18) Which industry is known for producing leather goods such as shoes and bags?
   a) Paper industry
   b) Jute industry
   c) Leather industry
   d) Textile industry
   Answer: c) Leather industry
   Explanation: The leather industry manufactures products like footwear, belts, and bags.

   19) Which state in India is the largest producer of iron and steel?
   a) Jharkhand
   b) Maharashtra
   c) Rajasthan
   d) Gujarat
   Answer: a) Jharkhand
   Explanation: Jharkhand produces the most iron and steel, with major centers in Jamshedpur and Bokaro.

   20) Which of the following is a major problem faced by the Indian textile industry?
   a) Availability of raw materials
   b) Outdated technology
   c) Cheap labor
   d) Government support
   Answer: b) Outdated technology
   Explanation: The textile industry in India faces challenges like outdated machinery and stiff competition from global markets.

• 21) Which of the following is an example of a public sector industry?
  a) Tata Steel
  b) Reliance Industries
  c) Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL)
  d) Infosys
  Answer: c) Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL)
  Explanation: Public sector industries are owned by the government. BHEL is a major government-owned heavy engineering company.

• 22) Which of the following is an example of a private sector industry?
  a) Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL)
  b) Steel Authority of India (SAIL)
  c) Tata Motors
  d) Bharat Petroleum
  Answer: c) Tata Motors
  Explanation: Tata Motors is a privately-owned automobile company, while the others are government-owned enterprises.

• 23) Which type of industry is engaged in producing consumer goods like clothes and shoes?
  a) Heavy industry
  b) Light industry
  c) Basic industry
  d) Small-scale industry
  Answer: b) Light industry
  Explanation: Light industries manufacture consumer goods such as clothing, electronics, and furniture.

• 24) Which state is the leading producer of silk textiles in India?
  a) West Bengal
  b) Karnataka
  c) Maharashtra
  d) Gujarat
  Answer: b) Karnataka
  Explanation: Karnataka is India's largest producer of silk textiles, especially in Mysuru and Bengaluru.

• 25) Which industry is known for contributing to air pollution by releasing sulfur dioxide (SO₂)?
  a) Textile industry
  b) Iron and steel industry
  c) Cement industry
  d) Paper industry
  Answer: b) Iron and steel industry
  Explanation: Iron and steel plants release sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide, contributing to air pollution.

• 26) Which factor is NOT considered while setting up an industry?
  a) Availability of raw materials
  b) Government policies
  c) Scenic beauty of the location
  d) Availability of transport
  Answer: c) Scenic beauty of the location
  Explanation: Industrial locations are chosen based on economic factors, not aesthetic appeal.

• 27) Which of the following is an initiative taken to promote industries in India?
  a) Green Revolution
  b) Make in India
  c) White Revolution
  d) Operation Flood
  Answer: b) Make in India
  Explanation: Make in India is a government initiative launched to boost manufacturing and attract foreign investment.

• 28) Which type of industry does NOT require heavy capital investment?
  a) Large-scale industry
  b) Heavy industry
  c) Small-scale industry
  d) Basic industry
  Answer: c) Small-scale industry
  Explanation: Small-scale industries require low capital investment, employ fewer workers, and produce goods like handicrafts.

• 29) Which of the following industries is NOT based on agricultural raw materials?
  a) Cotton textile
  b) Jute
  c) Leather
  d) Petrochemical
  Answer: d) Petrochemical
  Explanation: Petrochemical industries use petroleum-based raw materials, not agricultural products.

• 30) Which of the following is a major challenge for the jute industry in India?
  a) Abundance of raw materials
  b) Competition from synthetic fibers
  c) Low demand in the market
  d) Government support
  Answer: b) Competition from synthetic fibers
  Explanation: The jute industry faces tough competition from synthetic fibers like plastic, which are cheaper and more durable.

• 31) Which Indian city is famous for its shipbuilding industry?
  a) Visakhapatnam
  b) Jaipur
  c) Bhopal
  d) Patna
  Answer: a) Visakhapatnam
  Explanation: Visakhapatnam has one of India's largest shipyards, supporting the shipbuilding industry.

• 32) Which of the following industries is NOT considered a polluting industry?
  a) Paper industry
  b) Cement industry
  c) IT industry
  d) Chemical industry
  Answer: c) IT industry
  Explanation: The IT industry is not a major polluter, as it does not emit harmful gases or discharge toxic waste.

• 33) Which of the following is a renewable source of energy used in industries?
  a) Coal
  b) Petroleum
  c) Hydroelectricity
  d) Natural gas
  Answer: c) Hydroelectricity
  Explanation: Hydroelectric power is a renewable energy source, unlike coal and petroleum.

• 34) Which of the following is a feature of large-scale industries?
  a) Requires low capital investment
  b) Uses traditional techniques
  c) Employs a large workforce
  d) Produces handmade goods
  Answer: c) Employs a large workforce
  Explanation: Large-scale industries require heavy investment, employ many workers, and use modern technology.

• 35) Which factor does NOT affect the location of industries?
  a) Raw materials
  b) Transport facilities
  c) Climate change
  d) Skilled labor availability
  Answer: c) Climate change
  Explanation: Climate change does not directly affect industrial locations, but raw materials, labor, and transport do.

• 36) Which of the following is a by-product of the sugar industry?
  a) Molasses
  b) Cement
  c) Rubber
  d) Petroleum
  Answer: a) Molasses
  Explanation: Molasses is a by-product of sugar production, used in making ethanol and alcoholic beverages.

• 37) Which of the following is the main raw material for the automobile industry?
  a) Cotton
  b) Rubber
  c) Iron and steel
  d) Jute
  Answer: c) Iron and steel
  Explanation: Iron and steel are the primary raw materials for making automobiles.

• 38) Which of the following industries is NOT associated with the production of edible goods?
  a) Dairy industry
  b) Sugar industry
  c) Food processing industry
  d) Petrochemical industry
  Answer: d) Petrochemical industry
  Explanation: The petrochemical industry produces plastics, synthetic fibers, and chemicals, not edible goods.

• 39) Which of the following is an impact of industrial pollution?
  a) Increase in agricultural productivity
  b) Reduction of greenhouse gases
  c) Water and air pollution
  d) Conservation of natural resources
  Answer: c) Water and air pollution
  Explanation: Industrial pollution leads to contamination of water bodies and air pollution.

• 40) Which of the following measures can help in reducing industrial pollution?
  a) Increasing factory emissions
  b) Using non-renewable resources
  c) Adopting clean technology
  d) Dumping waste into rivers
  Answer: c) Adopting clean technology
  Explanation: Using clean technologies, proper waste management, and pollution control measures can help reduce industrial pollution.

• 41) Which of the following industries is the largest consumer of water in India?
  a) Textile industry
  b) IT industry
  c) Cement industry
  d) Automobile industry
  Answer: a) Textile industry
  Explanation: The textile industry consumes the most water for processes like dyeing, washing, and bleaching fabrics.

• 42) Which of the following industries is responsible for high emissions of greenhouse gases?
  a) Iron and steel industry
  b) Handloom industry
  c) Cottage industry
  d) Dairy industry
  Answer: a) Iron and steel industry
  Explanation: The iron and steel industry emits a large amount of carbon dioxide, contributing to climate change.

• 43) Which type of industry requires high capital investment and modern technology?
  a) Small-scale industry
  b) Cottage industry
  c) Large-scale industry
  d) Handicrafts industry
  Answer: c) Large-scale industry
  Explanation: Large-scale industries require heavy investment, modern technology, and skilled labor.

• 44) Which of the following industries is NOT labor-intensive?
  a) Handloom industry
  b) IT industry
  c) Jute industry
  d) Leather industry
  Answer: b) IT industry
  Explanation: The IT industry is technology-intensive, whereas handloom, jute, and leather industries require more manual labor.

• 45) Which of the following states is the largest producer of automobiles in India?
  a) Gujarat
  b) Maharashtra
  c) Tamil Nadu
  d) West Bengal
  Answer: c) Tamil Nadu
  Explanation: Tamil Nadu is a major hub for automobile manufacturing, with companies like Hyundai, Ford, and Ashok Leyland.

• 46) Which Indian city is known as the "Detroit of India" due to its automobile industry?
  a) Bengaluru
  b) Chennai
  c) Pune
  d) Hyderabad
  Answer: b) Chennai
  Explanation: Chennai is called the "Detroit of India" because of its large automobile production.

• 47) Which of the following industries is a major cause of land degradation?
  a) Cement industry
  b) Information technology
  c) Tourism industry
  d) Fishing industry
  Answer: a) Cement industry
  Explanation: The cement industry causes land degradation due to excessive mining of limestone.

• 48) Which of the following is an environmental challenge faced by manufacturing industries?
  a) Increased employment
  b) Sustainable resource use
  c) Water and air pollution
  d) Economic growth
  Answer: c) Water and air pollution
  Explanation: Manufacturing industries contribute to environmental problems like air and water pollution.

• 49) Which of the following industries is NOT categorized under the service sector?
  a) Banking
  b) Tourism
  c) Textile industry
  d) IT industry
  Answer: c) Textile industry
  Explanation: The textile industry belongs to the manufacturing sector, while the others belong to the service sector.

• 50) Which industry is known for producing plastic and synthetic fibers?
  a) Petrochemical industry
  b) Cotton textile industry
  c) Paper industry
  d) Jute industry
  Answer: a) Petrochemical industry
  Explanation: The petrochemical industry produces synthetic fibers, plastics, and chemicals.

• 51) Which raw material is primarily used in the glass industry?
  a) Limestone
  b) Quartz
  c) Bauxite
  d) Copper
  Answer: b) Quartz
  Explanation: Quartz is a key raw material used in glass production.

• 52) Which factor does NOT contribute to the growth of industries?
  a) Good transportation facilities
  b) Availability of raw materials
  c) High levels of pollution
  d) Government policies
  Answer: c) High levels of pollution
  Explanation: Pollution negatively impacts industrial growth by increasing environmental regulations and health concerns.

• 53) Which of the following is a problem faced by the Indian manufacturing sector?
  a) Abundant skilled labor
  b) Poor infrastructure
  c) High technology usage
  d) Low production costs
  Answer: b) Poor infrastructure
  Explanation: Lack of modern infrastructure, including roads and electricity, hampers industrial growth.

• 54) Which of the following industries is NOT a part of India's traditional industries?
  a) Handicrafts
  b) Iron and steel
  c) Jute
  d) Silk weaving
  Answer: b) Iron and steel
  Explanation: Iron and steel is a modern industry, while handicrafts, jute, and silk weaving are traditional industries.

• 55) Which organization regulates industrial pollution in India?
  a) Reserve Bank of India (RBI)
  b) Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB)
  c) National Highway Authority of India (NHAI)
  d) Food Corporation of India (FCI)
  Answer: b) Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB)
  Explanation: CPCB monitors and regulates industrial pollution in India.

• 56) Which factor plays a crucial role in determining the location of an industry?
  a) Availability of labor
  b) Religious beliefs
  c) Population density
  d) Cultural heritage
  Answer: a) Availability of labor
  Explanation: Industries are set up where skilled and unskilled labor is easily available.

• 57) Which of the following is an example of a footloose industry?
  a) Steel industry
  b) IT industry
  c) Cement industry
  d) Paper industry
  Answer: b) IT industry
  Explanation: Footloose industries, like the IT industry, are not tied to any specific location for raw materials or energy.

• 58) Which state in India has the highest number of industrial zones?
  a) Uttar Pradesh
  b) Maharashtra
  c) Rajasthan
  d) Bihar
  Answer: b) Maharashtra
  Explanation: Maharashtra has the highest number of industrial zones, including Mumbai, Pune, and Nagpur.

• 59) Which of the following measures helps in reducing industrial water pollution?
  a) Dumping waste into rivers
  b) Recycling industrial wastewater
  c) Using more chemicals
  d) Increasing emissions
  Answer: b) Recycling industrial wastewater
  Explanation: Recycling wastewater helps in reducing water pollution and conserving water resources.

• 60) Which of the following is a labor-intensive industry?
  a) Cement industry
  b) Shipbuilding industry
  c) Handicraft industry
  d) Oil refinery
  Answer: c) Handicraft industry
  Explanation: Handicraft industries require a high amount of labor and craftsmanship.

Exercise MCQs Solutions

1. 1) Which one of the following industries uses bauxite as a raw material?
   a) Aluminium Smelting
   b) Cement
   c) Paper
   d) Steel

   Answer: a) Aluminium Smelting

   Explanation:

   • Bauxite is the primary raw material for aluminium smelting.

   • It is processed to extract aluminium, which is widely used in industries like aerospace, construction, and packaging​.

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2) Which one of the following industries manufactures telephones, computers, etc.?
a) Steel
b) Electronic
c) Aluminium Smelting
d) Information Technology

2. Answer: b) Electronic

   Explanation:

   • The electronics industry produces devices like telephones, computers, and televisions.

   • It is one of the fastest-growing industries, contributing significantly to India's technological and economic development​