Class 10 Social Science (Contemporary India 2) Chapter 4 Agriculture


NCERT MCQs of Class 10, Social Science(Contemporary India 2), Chapter 4, Agriculture

  • 1) Which of the following is the primary occupation of a majority of India's population?
    a) Industry
    b) Agriculture
    c) Services
    d) Trade
    Answer: b) Agriculture
    Explanation: Agriculture is the main source of livelihood for more than 50% of India's population.

  • 2) Which of the following is a characteristic of primitive subsistence farming?
    a) Use of chemical fertilizers
    b) Use of modern equipment
    c) Slash and burn method
    d) Large-scale commercial production
    Answer: c) Slash and burn method
    Explanation: Primitive subsistence farming involves shifting cultivation, where farmers clear land, cultivate it, and move to a new area once soil fertility declines.

  • 3) Which type of farming is practiced in areas with high population density and small landholdings?
    a) Shifting agriculture
    b) Extensive farming
    c) Intensive subsistence farming
    d) Plantation farming
    Answer: c) Intensive subsistence farming
    Explanation: Intensive subsistence farming is practiced in densely populated areas, using small plots of land with high labor input.

  • 4) Which of the following is an example of a rabi crop?
    a) Rice
    b) Wheat
    c) Maize
    d) Bajra
    Answer: b) Wheat
    Explanation: Rabi crops are grown in winter and harvested in summer. Wheat, barley, and mustard are rabi crops.

  • 5) Which crop requires 200 cm or more rainfall and is mainly grown in Assam and West Bengal?
    a) Wheat
    b) Rice
    c) Maize
    d) Tea
    Answer: d) Tea
    Explanation: Tea requires heavy rainfall and is mainly grown in Assam, West Bengal, and Kerala.

  • 6) Which of the following crops is grown during the kharif season?
    a) Wheat
    b) Maize
    c) Mustard
    d) Gram
    Answer: b) Maize
    Explanation: Kharif crops like rice, maize, and millets are grown in the monsoon season (June-September).

  • 7) Which of the following is an example of a commercial crop?
    a) Rice
    b) Cotton
    c) Wheat
    d) Gram
    Answer: b) Cotton
    Explanation: Commercial crops like cotton, sugarcane, and tea are grown for sale in markets, not for self-consumption.

  • 8) Which of the following statements about India's agriculture is NOT true?
    a) Agriculture employs more than half of the population
    b) Agriculture contributes significantly to India's GDP
    c) Agriculture is entirely independent of monsoon rains
    d) Agriculture is the main source of livelihood in rural India
    Answer: c) Agriculture is entirely independent of monsoon rains
    Explanation: Indian agriculture is heavily dependent on monsoons, as a large part of farmland is rain-fed.

  • 9) Which state is the largest producer of wheat in India?
    a) Punjab
    b) West Bengal
    c) Maharashtra
    d) Tamil Nadu
    Answer: a) Punjab
    Explanation: Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, and Haryana are the top producers of wheat in India.

  • 10) Which of the following is NOT a plantation crop?
    a) Tea
    b) Coffee
    c) Cotton
    d) Rubber
    Answer: c) Cotton
    Explanation: Plantation crops like tea, coffee, and rubber are grown on large estates for commercial purposes. Cotton is a fiber crop.

  • 11) Which farming method is used to grow crops for self-consumption?
    a) Organic farming
    b) Commercial farming
    c) Subsistence farming
    d) Horticulture
    Answer: c) Subsistence farming
    Explanation: Subsistence farming is practiced by small farmers to produce food for their own consumption.

  • 12) Which crop is known as a "golden fiber"?
    a) Cotton
    b) Jute
    c) Silk
    d) Rubber
    Answer: b) Jute
    Explanation: Jute is called "golden fiber" due to its golden color and economic importance.

  • 13) Which of the following is an example of a millet crop?
    a) Rice
    b) Jowar
    c) Mustard
    d) Barley
    Answer: b) Jowar
    Explanation: Millets include jowar, bajra, and ragi, which are drought-resistant crops.

  • 14) Which type of farming uses fertilizers and HYV seeds to increase productivity?
    a) Subsistence farming
    b) Organic farming
    c) Intensive farming
    d) Nomadic herding
    Answer: c) Intensive farming
    Explanation: Intensive farming uses chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and modern techniques to increase crop production.

  • 15) Which of the following states is the largest producer of rice in India?
    a) Punjab
    b) Maharashtra
    c) Uttar Pradesh
    d) West Bengal
    Answer: d) West Bengal
    Explanation: West Bengal is the largest rice producer, followed by Uttar Pradesh and Punjab.

  • 16) Which of the following is an oilseed crop?
    a) Wheat
    b) Mustard
    c) Jowar
    d) Rice
    Answer: b) Mustard
    Explanation: Oilseed crops like mustard, groundnut, and soybean are used for extracting vegetable oils.

  • 17) What is the major problem faced by Indian agriculture?
    a) Excess mechanization
    b) Lack of irrigation facilities
    c) Surplus food grain production
    d) High farm wages
    Answer: b) Lack of irrigation facilities
    Explanation: Indian agriculture depends on monsoon rains, and lack of irrigation affects productivity.

  • 18) Which of the following statements about organic farming is true?
    a) It uses synthetic fertilizers
    b) It is harmful to the environment
    c) It relies on natural compost and manure
    d) It increases soil pollution
    Answer: c) It relies on natural compost and manure
    Explanation: Organic farming avoids chemical fertilizers and uses natural manure, bio-fertilizers, and crop rotation.

  • 19) Which crop is used to make sugar and ethanol?
    a) Jute
    b) Sugarcane
    c) Coffee
    d) Groundnut
    Answer: b) Sugarcane
    Explanation: Sugarcane is used for producing sugar, ethanol, and jaggery.

  • 20) Which of the following is NOT a food crop?
    a) Wheat
    b) Rice
    c) Cotton
    d) Maize
    Answer: c) Cotton
    Explanation: Food crops are grown for human consumption, whereas cotton is a fiber crop.

  1. 21) Which Indian state is the largest producer of sugarcane?
    a) Punjab
    b) Uttar Pradesh
    c) Maharashtra
    d) Karnataka
    Answer: b) Uttar Pradesh
    Explanation: Uttar Pradesh is the largest sugarcane-producing state, followed by Maharashtra and Karnataka.

    22) Which agricultural practice involves growing two or more crops in the same field at the same time?
    a) Crop rotation
    b) Mixed cropping
    c) Monoculture
    d) Plantation farming
    Answer: b) Mixed cropping
    Explanation: Mixed cropping increases crop diversity and helps in reducing soil depletion.

    23) Which major crop in India is considered a "leguminous crop" and helps in nitrogen fixation?
    a) Rice
    b) Wheat
    c) Pulses
    d) Jute
    Answer: c) Pulses
    Explanation: Pulses (e.g., gram, moong, lentils) have nitrogen-fixing bacteria, which improve soil fertility.

    24) Which of the following is a fiber crop?
    a) Bajra
    b) Jute
    c) Gram
    d) Mustard
    Answer: b) Jute
    Explanation: Fiber crops like jute and cotton are used to make cloth, bags, and ropes.

    25) Which is the leading tea-producing state in India?
    a) Kerala
    b) Assam
    c) Tamil Nadu
    d) Karnataka
    Answer: b) Assam
    Explanation: Assam produces the highest quantity of tea in India, followed by West Bengal and Tamil Nadu.

    26) Which of the following crops requires well-drained loamy soil and moderate rainfall?
    a) Tea
    b) Cotton
    c) Coffee
    d) Rubber
    Answer: b) Cotton
    Explanation: Cotton grows well in black soil and requires moderate rainfall.

    27) Which of the following is an important feature of shifting agriculture?
    a) Use of chemical fertilizers
    b) Slash and burn method
    c) Growing cash crops
    d) Large-scale farming
    Answer: b) Slash and burn method
    Explanation: Shifting agriculture involves clearing forests, farming for a few years, and then moving to a new land.

    28) Which crop is grown mainly in the black soil of the Deccan Plateau?
    a) Rice
    b) Cotton
    c) Wheat
    d) Tea
    Answer: b) Cotton
    Explanation: Cotton grows best in black soil, which is found in Maharashtra, Gujarat, and Madhya Pradesh.

    29) Which crop is known as the "staple food crop" of India?
    a) Wheat
    b) Rice
    c) Maize
    d) Bajra
    Answer: b) Rice
    Explanation: Rice is the staple food crop of India, especially in eastern and southern states.

    30) Which crop is grown in arid and semi-arid regions and is highly drought-resistant?
    a) Rice
    b) Jowar
    c) Sugarcane
    d) Rubber
    Answer: b) Jowar
    Explanation: Jowar (a millet) can survive with minimal rainfall and is grown in dry regions like Rajasthan and Maharashtra.

    31) Which revolution in India focused on increasing milk production?
    a) Green Revolution
    b) White Revolution
    c) Blue Revolution
    d) Golden Revolution
    Answer: b) White Revolution
    Explanation: The White Revolution, led by Verghese Kurien, helped India become self-sufficient in milk production.

    32) What is the primary goal of the Green Revolution in India?
    a) Increasing food production using high-yield variety (HYV) seeds
    b) Promoting organic farming
    c) Expanding traditional farming methods
    d) Reducing the use of technology in agriculture
    Answer: a) Increasing food production using high-yield variety (HYV) seeds
    Explanation: The Green Revolution introduced HYV seeds, fertilizers, and irrigation methods, boosting food grain production.

    33) Which of the following states produces the most groundnut in India?
    a) Gujarat
    b) Punjab
    c) Kerala
    d) Bihar
    Answer: a) Gujarat
    Explanation: Gujarat is the largest producer of groundnut, followed by Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu.

    34) Which type of farming involves growing crops without synthetic fertilizers and pesticides?
    a) Subsistence farming
    b) Intensive farming
    c) Organic farming
    d) Commercial farming
    Answer: c) Organic farming
    Explanation: Organic farming relies on natural manure, crop rotation, and bio-fertilizers.

    35) Which crop is used both as food and fodder?
    a) Wheat
    b) Maize
    c) Tea
    d) Jute
    Answer: b) Maize
    Explanation: Maize is used as food for humans and fodder for animals.

    36) Which state is the leading producer of rubber in India?
    a) Tamil Nadu
    b) Kerala
    c) Maharashtra
    d) Assam
    Answer: b) Kerala
    Explanation: Kerala produces over 90% of India's natural rubber.

    37) Which term refers to growing different crops in succession on the same land?
    a) Mixed cropping
    b) Crop rotation
    c) Monoculture
    d) Horticulture
    Answer: b) Crop rotation
    Explanation: Crop rotation helps maintain soil fertility and prevents pests and diseases.

    38) Which crop is NOT a rabi crop?
    a) Wheat
    b) Barley
    c) Mustard
    d) Rice
    Answer: d) Rice
    Explanation: Rice is a kharif crop, grown in monsoon season, while wheat, barley, and mustard are rabi crops.

    39) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of commercial farming?
    a) Large-scale production
    b) Use of modern technology
    c) Production mainly for self-consumption
    d) Use of fertilizers and pesticides
    Answer: c) Production mainly for self-consumption
    Explanation: Commercial farming is aimed at market sales, not self-consumption.

    40) Which Indian state is the leading producer of coffee?
    a) Tamil Nadu
    b) Kerala
    c) Karnataka
    d) Assam
    Answer: c) Karnataka
    Explanation: Karnataka produces over 70% of India's coffee, followed by Kerala and Tamil Nadu.

  1. 41) Which of the following crops is NOT an oilseed?
    a) Groundnut
    b) Sunflower
    c) Cotton
    d) Mustard
    Answer: c) Cotton
    Explanation: Cotton is a fiber crop, while groundnut, sunflower, and mustard are oilseeds.

    42) Which crop is mostly grown in states like Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, and Kerala?
    a) Tea
    b) Coffee
    c) Wheat
    d) Bajra
    Answer: b) Coffee
    Explanation: Karnataka, Kerala, and Tamil Nadu are the leading coffee-producing states in India.

    43) Which agricultural practice helps in reducing soil erosion?
    a) Shifting cultivation
    b) Terrace farming
    c) Excessive plowing
    d) Overgrazing
    Answer: b) Terrace farming
    Explanation: Terrace farming is used in hilly regions to prevent soil erosion.

    44) Which of the following factors does NOT affect agriculture?
    a) Climate
    b) Soil fertility
    c) Industrialization
    d) Irrigation
    Answer: c) Industrialization
    Explanation: Climate, soil, and irrigation directly affect agriculture, while industrialization affects employment but not crop production.

    45) Which of the following is a major food crop in North India?
    a) Rice
    b) Wheat
    c) Jute
    d) Tea
    Answer: b) Wheat
    Explanation: Wheat is widely grown in North India, especially in Punjab, Haryana, and Uttar Pradesh.

    46) Which farming method focuses on growing fruits, vegetables, and flowers?
    a) Plantation farming
    b) Horticulture
    c) Subsistence farming
    d) Extensive farming
    Answer: b) Horticulture
    Explanation: Horticulture refers to the cultivation of fruits, vegetables, and ornamental plants.

    47) Which type of soil is most suitable for growing cotton?
    a) Alluvial soil
    b) Black soil
    c) Laterite soil
    d) Red soil
    Answer: b) Black soil
    Explanation: Black soil (Regur soil) retains moisture and is best for cotton cultivation.

    48) Which type of farming is most commonly practiced in India?
    a) Extensive farming
    b) Commercial farming
    c) Subsistence farming
    d) Plantation farming
    Answer: c) Subsistence farming
    Explanation: Subsistence farming is widely practiced by small farmers for self-consumption.

    49) Which region in India is famous for the production of apples?
    a) Punjab
    b) Rajasthan
    c) Himachal Pradesh
    d) Madhya Pradesh
    Answer: c) Himachal Pradesh
    Explanation: Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, and Uttarakhand are major apple-producing regions.

    50) Which state is the leading producer of bajra in India?
    a) Punjab
    b) Rajasthan
    c) Tamil Nadu
    d) Kerala
    Answer: b) Rajasthan
    Explanation: Rajasthan is the largest producer of bajra (pearl millet), followed by Maharashtra and Gujarat.

    51) Which crop requires the most water for cultivation?
    a) Wheat
    b) Rice
    c) Jowar
    d) Bajra
    Answer: b) Rice
    Explanation: Rice needs standing water during cultivation, making it a high-water-consuming crop.

    52) Which scheme was launched by the Indian government to improve irrigation facilities?
    a) MNREGA
    b) Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana
    c) Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY)
    d) Make in India
    Answer: c) Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY)
    Explanation: PMKSY aims to provide irrigation facilities and improve water use efficiency.

    53) Which of the following is a kharif crop?
    a) Mustard
    b) Wheat
    c) Rice
    d) Gram
    Answer: c) Rice
    Explanation: Kharif crops, like rice, maize, and cotton, are sown in the monsoon season (June-September).

    54) Which revolution is associated with the production of pulses and oilseeds in India?
    a) Green Revolution
    b) White Revolution
    c) Yellow Revolution
    d) Golden Revolution
    Answer: c) Yellow Revolution
    Explanation: The Yellow Revolution focused on increasing the production of oilseeds and pulses.

    55) Which of the following crops is NOT a plantation crop?
    a) Rubber
    b) Coffee
    c) Wheat
    d) Tea
    Answer: c) Wheat
    Explanation: Wheat is a food crop, while tea, coffee, and rubber are plantation crops.

    56) Which of the following factors is responsible for low agricultural productivity in India?
    a) Use of HYV seeds
    b) Traditional farming methods
    c) Improved irrigation facilities
    d) Use of modern machinery
    Answer: b) Traditional farming methods
    Explanation: Traditional farming methods result in low productivity compared to modern techniques.

    57) Which state in India is the largest producer of spices?
    a) Tamil Nadu
    b) Kerala
    c) Punjab
    d) Haryana
    Answer: b) Kerala
    Explanation: Kerala is known for the production of spices like black pepper, cardamom, and cloves.

    58) What is the primary source of livelihood for rural India?
    a) Mining
    b) Agriculture
    c) Industry
    d) Tourism
    Answer: b) Agriculture
    Explanation: Agriculture provides employment to more than half of India's rural population.

    59) Which Indian state leads in the production of sunflower?
    a) Uttar Pradesh
    b) Karnataka
    c) Punjab
    d) Odisha
    Answer: b) Karnataka
    Explanation: Karnataka is the largest producer of sunflower, followed by Andhra Pradesh and Maharashtra.

    60) Which crop is mainly grown in flood-prone areas?
    a) Cotton
    b) Rice
    c) Wheat
    d) Jute
    Answer: d) Jute
    Explanation: Jute requires high moisture levels and grows well in flood-prone areas like West Bengal and Bihar.


MCQs from the Exercise part of the chapter


Exercise MCQs Solutions

  1. 1) Which one of the following describes a system of agriculture where a single crop is grown on a large area?
    a) Shifting Agriculture
    b) Plantation Agriculture
    c) Horticulture
    d) Intensive Agriculture

    Answer: b) Plantation Agriculture

    Explanation:

    • Plantation agriculture involves large-scale farming of a single crop such as tea, coffee, rubber, or sugarcane.

    • It is capital-intensive, requiring modern inputs and a good transport network.

    • Shifting agriculture involves clearing land and moving after soil fertility declines, which is different from plantation farming​.

2) Which one of the following is a rabi crop?
a) Rice
b) Gram
c) Millets
d) Cotton

  1. Answer: b) Gram

    Explanation:

    • Rabi crops are grown in winter (October-December) and harvested in summer (April-June).

    • Gram (chickpea) is a major rabi crop, while rice and millets are kharif crops, and cotton is a fiber crop​.

3) Which one of the following is a leguminous crop?
a) Pulses
b) Jowar
c) Millets
d) Sesamum

  1. Answer: a) Pulses

    Explanation:

    • Leguminous crops (like pulses) improve soil fertility by fixing nitrogen through bacteria in their root nodules.

    • Jowar and millets are coarse cereals, while sesamum is an oilseed crop​

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