Class 10 NCERT MCQs-General Science-Chapter3-Metals and Non-metals

NCERT MCQs of Class 10 General Science Chapter no 3 Metals and Non-Metals

1) Which of the following is a property of metals?
- (a) Poor conductors of heat
- (b) Malleable and ductile
- (c) Brittle in solid form
- (d) Do not react with acids
  Answer: (b) Malleable and ductile
  Explanation: Metals are malleable (can be hammered into thin sheets) and ductile (can be drawn into wires), which are key properties distinguishing them from non-metals.

2) Which metal is the best conductor of electricity?

(a) Copper
(b) Silver
(c) Gold
(d) Aluminum
Answer: (b) Silver
Explanation: Silver is the best conductor of electricity due to its high electrical conductivity, although it is not widely used because of its cost.

3) What is the main ore of aluminum?

(a) Hematite
(b) Bauxite
(c) Galena
(d) Malachite
Answer: (b) Bauxite
Explanation: Bauxite (Al2O3⋅xH2O) is the primary ore from which aluminum is extracted.

4) Which of the following metals does not react with water at room temperature?

(a) Sodium
(b) Calcium
(c) Magnesium
(d) Gold
Answer: (d) Gold
Explanation: Gold is highly unreactive and does not react with water, even under extreme conditions.

5) Which non-metal is a good conductor of electricity?

(a) Sulfur
(b) Phosphorus
(c) Graphite
(d) Oxygen
Answer: (c) Graphite
Explanation: Graphite, an allotrope of carbon, conducts electricity due to the presence of free electrons.

6) Which metal is stored under kerosene to prevent it from reacting with air?

(a) Sodium
(b) Zinc
(c) Iron
(d) Copper
Answer: (a) Sodium
Explanation: Sodium is highly reactive with oxygen and moisture in the air and is stored under kerosene to prevent such reactions.

7) Which gas is released when a metal reacts with an acid?

(a) Oxygen
(b) Carbon dioxide
(c) Hydrogen
(d) Chlorine
Answer: (c) Hydrogen
Explanation: Metals react with acids to produce hydrogen gas and a corresponding salt, e.g., Zn+HCl→ZnCl2+H2

8) What is the chemical formula of rust?

(a) Fe2O3
(b) Fe2O3⋅xH2O
(c) FeO
(d) FeO⋅xH2O
Answer: (b) Fe2O3⋅xH2O
Explanation: Rust is hydrated ferric oxide (Fe2O3⋅xH2O) formed by the reaction of iron with oxygen and moisture.

9) Which of the following metals does not corrode?
- (a) Iron
- (b) Silver
- (c) Gold
- (d) Zinc
  Answer: (c) Gold
  Explanation: Gold is highly unreactive and resists corrosion, making it ideal for jewelry and coins.

10) Which non-metal is essential for combustion?

(a) Nitrogen
(b) Oxygen
(c) Sulfur
(d) Carbon
Answer: (b) Oxygen
Explanation: Oxygen is necessary for combustion as it supports the burning of fuels.

11) Which of the following metals is liquid at room temperature?

(a) Mercury
(b) Lead
(c) Zinc
(d) Gallium
Answer: (a) Mercury
Explanation: Mercury is the only metal that is liquid at room temperature.

12) What is the main constituent of bronze?

(a) Copper and zinc
(b) Copper and tin
(c) Iron and carbon
(d) Aluminum and magnesium
Answer: (b) Copper and tin
Explanation: Bronze is an alloy of copper and tin, commonly used in making sculptures and medals.

13) Which property makes aluminum suitable for making aircraft?

(a) High density
(b) Low reactivity
(c) Low density and high strength
(d) Good conductivity
Answer: (c) Low density and high strength
Explanation: Aluminum’s low density reduces aircraft weight, and its strength ensures durability.

14) Which reaction is an example of a displacement reaction?

(a) 2H2+O2→2H2O
(b) Zn+CuSO4→ZnSO4+CuZ
(c) NaCl+AgNO3→NaNO3+AgCl
(d) 2Mg+O2→2MgO
Answer: (b) Zn+CuSO4→ZnSO4+Cu
Explanation: Zinc displaces copper from copper sulfate because zinc is more reactive than copper.

15) Which of the following methods is used to prevent rusting?

(a) Galvanization
(b) Heating in air
(c) Mixing with acids
(d) Cooling rapidly
Answer: (a) Galvanization
Explanation: Galvanization involves coating iron or steel with a layer of zinc to prevent rusting.

16) Which of the following metals can displace hydrogen from water?

(a) Zinc
(b) Gold
(c) Copper
(d) Mercury
Answer: (a) Zinc
Explanation: Zinc reacts with water to produce hydrogen gas, while less reactive metals like gold and copper do not.

17) What happens when sodium reacts with water?

(a) No reaction occurs
(b) Sodium sinks and dissolves
(c) Sodium reacts violently, releasing hydrogen gas
(d) Sodium produces carbon dioxide
Answer: (c) Sodium reacts violently, releasing hydrogen gas
Explanation: Sodium reacts vigorously with water to form sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas.

18) Which metal is used in thermometers?

(a) Iron
(b) Zinc
(c) Mercury
(d) Lead
Answer: (c) Mercury
Explanation: Mercury is used in thermometers due to its uniform expansion and visibility in glass tubes.

19) What is the process of depositing a layer of zinc on iron called?

(a) Electroplating
(b) Galvanization
(c) Anodizing
(d) Smelting
Answer: (b) Galvanization
Explanation: Galvanization is the process of applying a protective zinc coating to iron to prevent rusting.

20) Which metal forms an amphoteric oxide?

(a) Sodium
(b) Aluminum
(c) Iron
(d) Copper
Answer: (b) Aluminum
Explanation: Amphoteric oxides, like aluminum oxide, react with both acids and bases to form salts and water.

21) Which of the following metals reacts with cold water to produce hydrogen gas?

(a) Magnesium
(b) Calcium
(c) Zinc
(d) Copper
Answer: (b) Calcium
Explanation: Calcium reacts with cold water to form calcium hydroxide and hydrogen gas, while zinc and copper do not react at this temperature.

22) Which of these is an alloy of iron and carbon?

(a) Steel
(b) Bronze
(c) Brass
(d) Pewter
Answer: (a) Steel
Explanation: Steel is an alloy of iron and carbon, often with small amounts of other elements to improve its properties.

23) What is the primary constituent of stainless steel?

(a) Copper
(b) Chromium and nickel
(c) Tin
(d) Aluminum
Answer: (b) Chromium and nickel
Explanation: Stainless steel is an alloy of iron, chromium, and nickel, which gives it resistance to corrosion.

24) Which gas is responsible for the corrosion of silver?

(a) Oxygen
(b) Hydrogen sulfide
(c) Carbon dioxide
(d) Nitrogen
Answer: (b) Hydrogen sulfide
Explanation: Silver reacts with hydrogen sulfide in the air to form a black coating of silver sulfide, causing tarnishing.

25) Which of the following metals forms a protective oxide layer on its surface?

(a) Zinc
(b) Aluminum
(c) Iron
(d) Sodium
Answer: (b) Aluminum
Explanation: Aluminum forms a thin oxide layer that protects it from further oxidation.

26) Which metal is commonly used for making cooking utensils due to its high conductivity?

(a) Zinc
(b) Aluminum
(c) Lead
(d) Mercury
Answer: (b) Aluminum
Explanation: Aluminum is lightweight, has high thermal conductivity, and is resistant to corrosion, making it suitable for utensils.

27) Which property makes metals suitable for making wires?

(a) Malleability
(b) Ductility
(c) Conductivity
(d) Brittleness
Answer: (b) Ductility
Explanation: Ductility is the property of metals that allows them to be stretched into wires without breaking.

28) Which of the following non-metals is used in fertilizers?

(a) Sulfur
(b) Phosphorus
(c) Carbon
(d) Nitrogen
Answer: (b) Phosphorus
Explanation: Phosphorus compounds are a key ingredient in fertilizers as they promote plant growth.

29) Which non-metal is used to disinfect drinking water?

(a) Chlorine
(b) Sulfur
(c) Carbon
(d) Phosphorus
Answer: (a) Chlorine
Explanation: Chlorine is used in water treatment plants to kill harmful microorganisms.

30) What is formed when a metal reacts with oxygen?

(a) Metal hydroxide
(b) Metal carbonate
(c) Metal oxide
(d) Metal chloride
Answer: (c) Metal oxide
Explanation: Metals react with oxygen to form metal oxides, e.g., 2Mg+O2→2MgO

31) Which of the following metals does not displace hydrogen from acids?

(a) Zinc
(b) Copper
(c) Iron
(d) Magnesium
Answer: (b) Copper
Explanation: Copper is less reactive than hydrogen and cannot displace it from acids.

32) Which metal reacts vigorously with dilute hydrochloric acid?

(a) Gold
(b) Silver
(c) Magnesium
(d) Lead
Answer: (c) Magnesium
Explanation: Magnesium reacts vigorously with dilute HCl to produce magnesium chloride and hydrogen gas.

33) What is an amphoteric substance?

(a) A substance that reacts with acids only
(b) A substance that reacts with bases only
(c) A substance that reacts with both acids and bases
(d) A substance that does not react with anything
Answer: (c) A substance that reacts with both acids and bases
Explanation: Amphoteric substances, like aluminum oxide, can react with both acids and bases to form salts and water.

34) Which of the following is a non-metal with a lustrous appearance?

(a) Carbon
(b) Phosphorus
(c) Iodine
(d) Nitrogen
Answer: (c) Iodine
Explanation: Iodine is a non-metal that has a shiny, lustrous appearance.

35) What is formed when iron reacts with steam?

(a) Iron oxide and hydrogen gas
(b) Iron hydroxide
(c) Iron sulfide
(d) No reaction occurs
Answer: (a) Iron oxide and hydrogen gas
Explanation: When iron reacts with steam, it forms iron oxide and releases hydrogen gas.

36) Which metal is commonly used for electroplating?

(a) Zinc
(b) Chromium
(c) Gold
(d) All of the above
Answer: (d) All of the above
Explanation: Zinc, chromium, and gold are used for electroplating to prevent corrosion and enhance appearance.

37) Which of the following is an example of a displacement reaction?

(a) Mg+HCl→MgCl2+H2
(b) CuSO4+Zn→ZnSO4+Cu
(c) NaOH+HCl→NaCl+H2O
(d) CaO+H2O→Ca(OH)2
Answer: (b) CuSO4+Zn→ZnSO4+Cu
Explanation: Zinc displaces copper from copper sulfate because it is more reactive.

38) What is the valency of aluminum in its compounds?

(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 3
(d) 4
Answer: (c) 3
Explanation: Aluminum has a valency of 3, as it loses three electrons to form Al3+

39) Which of these metals is most reactive?

(a) Sodium
(b) Copper
(c) Iron
(d) Silver
Answer: (a) Sodium
Explanation: Sodium is highly reactive and reacts vigorously with water and air.

40) Which of the following non-metals is used in making antiseptic creams?

(a) Sulfur
(b) Iodine
(c) Carbon
(d) Phosphorus
Answer: (b) Iodine
Explanation: Iodine is used in antiseptic creams due to its ability to kill germs.

41) What happens when zinc reacts with dilute sulfuric acid?

(a) No reaction occurs
(b) Zinc sulfate and oxygen gas are formed
(c) Zinc sulfate and hydrogen gas are formed
(d) Zinc hydroxide is formed
Answer: (c) Zinc sulfate and hydrogen gas are formed
Explanation: Zinc reacts with dilute sulfuric acid to form zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) and hydrogen gas (H2):
Zn+H2SO4→ZnSO4+H2

42) Which metal is used for making jewelry due to its high malleability and luster?

(a) Copper
(b) Gold
(c) Zinc
(d) Aluminum
Answer: (b) Gold
Explanation: Gold is highly malleable and has a natural luster, making it ideal for jewelry.

43) Which of the following is a noble metal?

(a) Copper
(b) Gold
(c) Zinc
(d) Sodium
Answer: (b) Gold
Explanation: Noble metals like gold and platinum are highly resistant to corrosion and oxidation.

44) Which element is used in making electrodes for dry cells?

(a) Copper
(b) Zinc
(c) Lead
(d) Aluminum
Answer: (b) Zinc
Explanation: Zinc is used as the outer casing and anode in dry cells due to its electrochemical properties.

45) What is the chemical formula of quicklime?

(a) Ca(OH)2
(b) CaO
(c) CaCO3
(d) CaCl2
Answer: CaO
Explanation: Quicklime is calcium oxide (CaO) and is used in making cement and treating acidic soil.

46) Which gas is formed when metal carbonates react with acids?

(a) Hydrogen
(b) Oxygen
(c) Carbon dioxide
(d) Chlorine
Answer: (c) Carbon dioxide
Explanation: Metal carbonates react with acids to form salt, water, and carbon dioxide gas, e.g.,
CaCO3+HCl→CaCl2+H2O+CO2

47) Which metal is extracted using the electrolytic reduction process?

(a) Iron
(b) Aluminum
(c) Gold
(d) Copper
Answer: (b) Aluminum
Explanation: Aluminum is extracted from bauxite ore using electrolytic reduction in the Hall-Héroult process.

48) Which property of metals allows them to be beaten into thin sheets?

(a) Ductility
(b) Malleability
(c) Conductivity
(d) Luster
Answer: (b) Malleability
Explanation: Malleability is the property that allows metals to be hammered into thin sheets without breaking.

49) What is the reaction between a more reactive metal and the salt solution of a less reactive metal called?

(a) Combination reaction
(b) Decomposition reaction
(c) Displacement reaction
(d) Neutralization reaction
Answer: (c) Displacement reaction
Explanation: In displacement reactions, a more reactive metal displaces a less reactive metal from its salt solution.

50) What type of bond is formed between metals and non-metals?

(a) Covalent bond
(b) Ionic bond
(c) Metallic bond
(d) Hydrogen bond
Answer: (b) Ionic bond
Explanation: Metals lose electrons and non-metals gain electrons, forming ionic bonds.

51) Which metal is used in the galvanization process?

(a) Copper
(b) Zinc
(c) Aluminum
(d) Silver
Answer: (b) Zinc
Explanation: Galvanization involves coating iron or steel with zinc to prevent rusting.

Which non-metal is used to make the filament of a light bulb?

(a) Graphite
(b) Tungsten
(c) Carbon
(d) Phosphorus
Answer: (a) Graphite
Explanation: Graphite is a good conductor of electricity and can withstand high temperatures, making it suitable for filaments.

53) What happens when copper is exposed to moist air?

(a) It forms copper chloride
(b) It forms copper sulfate
(c) It forms a green coating of basic copper carbonate
(d) It does not react
Answer: (c) It forms a green coating of basic copper carbonate
Explanation: Copper reacts with moist air to form a green layer of basic copper carbonate (CuCO3⋅Cu(OH)2).

54) What is the nature of metal oxides?

(a) Acidic
(b) Neutral
(c) Amphoteric
(d) Basic
Answer: (d) Basic
Explanation: Most metal oxides are basic in nature, reacting with acids to form salts and water.

55) Which gas is produced when calcium reacts with water?

(a) Oxygen
(b) Hydrogen
(c) Carbon dioxide
(d) Nitrogen
Answer: (b) Hydrogen
Explanation: Calcium reacts with water to form calcium hydroxide and hydrogen gas:
Ca+2H2O→Ca(OH)2+H2

56) Which non-metal is essential for the production of steel?

(a) Phosphorus
(b) Sulfur
(c) Carbon
(d) Oxygen
Answer: (c) Carbon
Explanation: Carbon is a key component in the production of steel, as it is alloyed with iron to improve its properties.

57) Which process is used to coat objects with a thin layer of metal?

(a) Galvanization
(b) Electroplating
(c) Smelting
(d) Anodizing
Answer: (b) Electroplating
Explanation: Electroplating involves using electricity to deposit a thin layer of metal onto a surface.

58) Which of the following metals is highly unreactive?

(a) Zinc
(b) Aluminum
(c) Gold
(d) Sodium
Answer: (c) Gold
Explanation: Gold is a noble metal and highly unreactive, resisting corrosion and oxidation.

59) What is the composition of brass?

(a) Copper and zinc
(b) Copper and tin
(c) Copper and aluminum
(d) Copper and lead
Answer: (a) Copper and zinc
Explanation: Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc, commonly used in making musical instruments and decorative items.

60) Which non-metal is used in making matches?

(a) Carbon
(b) Sulfur
(c) Phosphorus
(d) Nitrogen
Answer: (c) Phosphorus
Explanation: Phosphorus is used in the match stick head as it ignites easily when struck.

MCQs from the Exercise part of the chapter

1) Which of the following pairs will give displacement reactions?

(a) NaCl solution and copper metal
(b) MgCl₂ solution and aluminium metal
(c) FeSO₄ solution and silver metal
(d) AgNO₃ solution and copper metal

Answer: (d) AgNO₃ solution and copper metal
Explanation: A displacement reaction occurs when a more reactive metal displaces a less reactive metal from its salt solution. Copper displaces silver from silver nitrate (AgNO3) because copper is more reactive than silver.

2) Which of the following methods is suitable for preventing an iron frying pan from rusting?

(a) Applying grease
(b) Applying paint
(c) Applying a coating of zinc
(d) All of the above

Revised Answer: (c) Applying a coating of zinc
Explanation: Galvanization (coating with zinc) is a highly effective method for preventing rusting because zinc not only provides a barrier but also acts as a sacrificial metal to protect iron from corrosion.

3) An element reacts with oxygen to give a compound with a high melting point. This compound is also soluble in water. The element is likely to be:

(a) Calcium
(b) Carbon
(c) Silicon
(d) Iron

Answer: (a) Calcium
Explanation: Calcium reacts with oxygen to form calcium oxide (CaO), which has a high melting point and dissolves in water to form calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2).

4) Food cans are coated with tin and not with zinc because:

(a) Zinc is costlier than tin.
(b) Zinc has a higher melting point than tin.
(c) Zinc is more reactive than tin.
(d) Zinc is less reactive than tin.

Answer: (c) Zinc is more reactive than tin.
Explanation: Tin is used instead of zinc because it is less reactive and does not corrode as easily as zinc, ensuring better preservation of food contents.

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